Kioumars Beshlideh; Raziyeh Abedini velamdehy; Fariba pahlevani; fatemeh alhabib; vahid sadeghi-firoozabadi
Abstract
Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the causal pattern of the relationship between personality variables and coronavirus-related health attitudes mediated by the internal locus of control and the moderating role of self-esteem in students.
Method: The sample participants comprised 150 ...
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Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the causal pattern of the relationship between personality variables and coronavirus-related health attitudes mediated by the internal locus of control and the moderating role of self-esteem in students.
Method: The sample participants comprised 150 students of varying educational levels who completed the Health Behavior, Health Attitude, Internal Locus of Control, risk-taking, self-esteem, and conscientiousness and neuroticism questionnaires online and through messaging applications (Telegram & WhatsApp). To analyze data, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to measure the fitness of the model and examine direct relationships. The mediator relationship was measured via Bootstrap, and the moderator relations were analyzed with hierarchical regression.
Results: The results showed that the model fit well with the data, and all direct relationships, except the relationship between risk-taking and health attitudes, were confirmed. The findings also confirmed the mediating role of the internal locus of control in the relationship between personality traits and health attitudes. The results further indicated the moderating role of self-esteem in the relationship between the internal locus of control and students' health attitudes. In other words, the relationship between the internal locus of control and health attitudes in students with higher self-esteem is stronger than the relationship in which students reported lower self-esteem.
Conclusion: The results also confirmed the moderating role of self-esteem in the relationship between neuroticism and students' health attitudes. In other words, the relationship between neuroticism and health attitudes in students with lower self-esteem is stronger than the relationship in which students reported higher self-esteem.
Arezou asghari; parvin rafieinia
Abstract
Objective: Eating disorders are one of the most problematic psychological issues that are highly associated with mental health disorders such as anxiety and mood disorders, substance abuse disorders, and personality disorders.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the canonical analysis of relationships ...
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Objective: Eating disorders are one of the most problematic psychological issues that are highly associated with mental health disorders such as anxiety and mood disorders, substance abuse disorders, and personality disorders.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the canonical analysis of relationships between coping strategies and parental bonding with eating disorders in students.
Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all female undergraduate students of Kosar University of Bojnord in the academic year 2019. The research sample consisted of 250 students who were selected by convenience sampling from all female students of Kosar University of Bojnord. To collect data, the eating attitude test (EAT-26, 1982), coping with stressful situation questionnaire (CISS, 1994), and parent bonding instrument (PBI, 1979) were used. The collected data were analyzed using canonical correlation.
Results: The Results showed that components of parental banding, care (0.43, 0.42, and 0.43), and overprotection (0.39, 0.29, and 0.22) were positively related to eating disorders subscales (P<0.01); additionally, from coping strategies’ components emotion-oriented (0.12, 0.14, and 0.14) and avoidance-oriented coping (0.24, 0.22, and 0.16) had positive significant relationship with eating disorders (P<0.05). Canonical correlation also indicated the predictive role of parental bonding on eating disorders (P<0.001).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that teaching adaptive coping strategies and parental involvement in treatment interventions can prevent and reduce eating disorders in students.
Houshang Garavand
Abstract
Objective: The Coronavirus not only affects physical health but also the outbreak of this virus can have devastating psychological effects. To treat and diagnose, these impacts should be identified. This study investigatied the mediating role of empathy in the relationship between self-compassion and ...
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Objective: The Coronavirus not only affects physical health but also the outbreak of this virus can have devastating psychological effects. To treat and diagnose, these impacts should be identified. This study investigatied the mediating role of empathy in the relationship between self-compassion and psychological capital with corona anxiety.
Method: The research method was correlational with path analysis. The population of this study included all undergraduate students of Poldokhtar Higher Education Center (450 students) who were studying in the academic year 2020-2021. The sample of the study consisted of 210 male students who answered the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS; Alipour & et al., 2020), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003), Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ; Luthans et al., 2007), and Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1983) electronically. Casual modeling was used to analyze data.
Results: The results showed that the proposed model has a good fit with the data of this study (RMSEA = 0.001, GFI = 1.00, AGFI = 0.98, CFI = 1.00). The results showed that the psychological capital had a direct effect on corona anxiety (β = -0.16, p<0.05), but self-compassion did not have a positive effect on corona anxiety (p>0.05). Self-compassion had a positive effect on empathy (β = 0.32, p<0/01); but psychological capital did not affect empathy (p>0/05) directly. Also, empathy positively affected corona anxiety (β = -0.29, p<0/01). Indirect pathway results showed that only self-compassion mediated by empathy could reduce corona anxiety (p<0/01).
Conclusions: According to the results, students with higher psychological capital and empathy experience less corona anxiety, and on the other hand, the more self-compassion increases, the more empathy improves, which results in a decrease in corona anxiety. Therefore, through education and promotion of self-compassion, empathy can be increased and the severity of corona anxiety in students can be reduced.
zahra khosrojerdi; shahla pakdaman
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine adolescent coronary anxiety in the relationship between character strengths and family social support.
Method: The research method was correlational and the statistical population including 156 ninth and tenth grade students were selected by non-random ...
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Objective: The aim of this study is to determine adolescent coronary anxiety in the relationship between character strengths and family social support.
Method: The research method was correlational and the statistical population including 156 ninth and tenth grade students were selected by non-random sampling method (available) from District 4 of Tehran. Students responded to the Values in Action inventory of strength Scale of Park and Peterson (2006), Perceived Social Support- Family Scale of the Procidano & Heller (1983), and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale of Alipour, Ghadami, Alipour, and Abdollahzadeh (2020).
Results: The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the predicting of corona mental anxiety is significant with the strengths of judgement, love of learning, honesty, zest, kindness, teamwork, forgiveness, and family social support. Predicting Corona physical anxiety, creativity, love of learning, bravery, kindness, social intelligence, teamwork, humility, hope and spirituality are significant. Love for learning, honesty, forgiveness, humility, hope, spirituality, and family social support are significant in predicting overall corona anxiety (P˂ 0.05).
Conclusions: The results showed that character strengths and social support family have an effective role in reducing corona anxiety and can provide the necessary support for adolescents in stressful situations.
Mansour Fathi; Maryam Abbasi; Maryam Khakrangin
Abstract
Objective: Although HIV-infected women in Iran face many problems, research in this area is limited. This research aims to understand and deeply comprehend the issues and challenges HIV-infected women encounter.
Method: Qualitative research method and content analysis were applied in this study. The ...
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Objective: Although HIV-infected women in Iran face many problems, research in this area is limited. This research aims to understand and deeply comprehend the issues and challenges HIV-infected women encounter.
Method: Qualitative research method and content analysis were applied in this study. The participants of the research were HIV-infected women referred to three Supportive Health Centers in Tehran. Among them, 17 participants were selected through the convenience sampling method. The data collection technique was a semi-structured in-depth interview. The collected data were coded and interpreted using thematic analysis.
Results: The results of the interview analysis revealed six categories of "social exclusion", "job problems", "social phobia caused by stigma", "mental problems", "treatment problems", and “coping mechanisms”.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that HIV-infected women face many challenges in their individual and social life for social integration and reducing their problems; besides, individual empowerment, structural, and social interventions are also essential. The results of this study can be used in policy-making, the presentation of supportive programs, and social services for HIV-infected women and their families.
Mahsa Ghaffarzadeh; alinaghi aghdasi
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group therapy of cognitive-behavioral approach on anxiety, stress, and despair of patients with Multiple sclerosis in Tehran.
Method: This study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. Twenty ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group therapy of cognitive-behavioral approach on anxiety, stress, and despair of patients with Multiple sclerosis in Tehran.
Method: This study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. Twenty patients who were referred to the available medical centers were selected as the study samples and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. In this study, Kalmogorov-Smirnov, Levene, and Covariance tests were used to analyze data through IBM SPSS software.Beck Anxiety Inventory Questionnaire, Cohen's Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), and Beck's Hopelessness Scale questionnaire were used to collect data.
Results: The results of the present study showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of anxiety, stress, and despair with a 95% confidence level. Therefore, three main hypotheses were confirmed and the null hypothesis was rejected. It was found that cognitive-behavior group therapy was effective in reducing anxiety, stress, and despair in patients with MS.
Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral group therapy reduced stress, anxiety, and despair in patients with MS and improved their mental health. Therefore, this treatment method can be useful in clinics.
Bahareh Montazernia; Shirin Kooshki; Mohammad Oraki; Bahram Mirzaian
Abstract
Objectives: Diabetes is a chronic, multifaceted and threatening disease which has significant psychological complications. The purpose of this study was comparing the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy Skills Training (DBT-ST) on cognitive emotion regulation ...
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Objectives: Diabetes is a chronic, multifaceted and threatening disease which has significant psychological complications. The purpose of this study was comparing the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy Skills Training (DBT-ST) on cognitive emotion regulation in patients with type II diabetes.
Method: The design of this quasi-experimental research was a pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all patients with type II diabetes referred to Baghban (Touba) Medical Clinic in Sari in 2019, among whom 45 patients were selected through the convenience sampling method and then randomly assigned into three groups. The first group received ACT, the second group received DBT-ST, and the third group was considered as a control group. Data were collected using a 36-item Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefsky et al., 2001) in three stages of pre-test, post-test, and follow-up, and were analyzed by repeated measurement variance analysis.
Results: The results showed that ACT and DBT-ST were significantly more effective on cognitive emotion regulation for the experimental groups compared to the control group (effect sizes 0.911 & 0.967, respectively). The effectiveness of DBT-ST compared to ACT was more significant on cognitive emotion regulation scores (effect sizes 0.967) at (P>0.01).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that ACT improved psychological indexes and mental health of patients with type II diabetes due to acceptance of unfavorable emotions and thoughts, commitment, and DBT-ST for emotion regulation and mindfulness components.
Karim Sevari
Abstract
Objective: Fear of Covid 19 is one of the topics that human beings experienced in 2019 that threatened the individuals’ physical health and life, increased their stress, and triggers a wide range of psychological problems such as anxiety and depression. In the present study, the role of positivity ...
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Objective: Fear of Covid 19 is one of the topics that human beings experienced in 2019 that threatened the individuals’ physical health and life, increased their stress, and triggers a wide range of psychological problems such as anxiety and depression. In the present study, the role of positivity and intolerance of uncertainty in the fear of developing Covid 19 was investigated.
Method: The study population included all the boy and girl university students studying in psychology, educational sciences, and counseling at Payame Noor University, Khuzestan Province. Among them, 269 students were voluntarily selected through the social network WhatsApp. The study method is correlational. The data were gathered with the assistance of positivism, uncertainty intolerance, and fear of Covid-19 questionnaires. SPSS software was used to analyze the data.
Result: The results of regression analysis indicated that positivism and intolerance of uncertainty are predictors of fear of Covid-19 that account for 16% of the variance of fear of Covid-19 (P<0.05).
Conclusions: The present study indicates that in order to reduce the fear of Covid-19, shifting from the negative attitude to the positive attitude and intolerance of uncertainty to the tolerance of uncertainty is necessary.
Nasrin Arshadi; Noori Kaabomeir
Abstract
Objective: Today, work as a social identity plays an important role in success, health, and well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of self-determined motivation with psychological, life, and workplace well-being. Method: The participants of this study consisted of ...
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Objective: Today, work as a social identity plays an important role in success, health, and well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of self-determined motivation with psychological, life, and workplace well-being. Method: The participants of this study consisted of 246 employees of Marun Oil and Gas Producing Company in Khuzestan in 2020, who were selected by stratified random sampling method. The instruments used in the study were Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (Gagné et al., 2015), and Employee Well-being Scale (Zheng et al., 2015). Canonical correlation and multiple regression analysis through SPSS-24 were used for data analysis. Results: Findings showed that among the three dimensions of self-determined motivation, autonomous motivation with a structural coefficient of 0.94 and among the components of employee well-being, workplace well-being with a structural coefficient of 0.99, had the maximum relationship with the first canonical variable resulting from independent and dependent variables. According to the results of simultaneous regression analysis, autonomous motivation was the most important predictor for psychological well-being (β=0.45, p=0.000), life well-being (β=0.30, p=0.001), and workplace well-being (β=0.45, p=0.000). Amotivation could predict workplace well-being (β= -0.34, p=0.000). However, controlled motivation could not predict any component of employee well-being. Conclusion: Based on the findings, autonomous motivation was the most important predictor of psychological, life, and workplace well-being. Therefore, it is recommended that organizations provide opportunity for development of this type of motivation.
rabeeh azarmehr; Ezatollah Ahmadi
Abstract
Objective: the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of anxiety sensitivity and attentional control in predicting the tendency toward addiction in youth. Method: The present study is a correlation type, in this regard, the number of 150 students were selecte through multistage cluster ...
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Objective: the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of anxiety sensitivity and attentional control in predicting the tendency toward addiction in youth. Method: The present study is a correlation type, in this regard, the number of 150 students were selecte through multistage cluster sampling. The attentional control questionnaire (Derryberry& Reed, 2002), anxiety sensitivity (Peterson& Reiss, 1987) and the readiness scale for drug abuse (Zargar, 2007) were performed on individuals. The research data were analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient and regression. Results: The results showed that there is a significant correlation between attentional control and the lack of cognitive control with the tendency to addiction. Conclusion: According to the findings it can be concluded that in addition to social and biological factors, psychological factors such as attentional control and anxiety sensitivity is influential in the tendency and readiness of individuals to drug addiction. Keywords: Attentional control, Anxiety Sensitivity, The tendency to addiction,students, health
Akbar Zolfaghari; Naser Mohammadi Ahmad Abadi; Somayah shaker ardakani
Abstract
Abstract Objective: Health literacy is the capacity to get, process and realize basic information and services necessary to make proper decisions in the field of health. This study was conducted aimed at determining the relationship between health literacy and demographic variables of Yazd city citizens. ...
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Abstract Objective: Health literacy is the capacity to get, process and realize basic information and services necessary to make proper decisions in the field of health. This study was conducted aimed at determining the relationship between health literacy and demographic variables of Yazd city citizens. Method: This study was a descriptive (cross-sectional) one the population included 385 people living in Yazd city. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. After completing the questionnaires, the data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software, Pearson correlation coefficient and Chi-square test. Results: the results indicate that there is a significant relationship between health literacy and age, gender and marital status. The highest correlation coefficient was observed in the relationship between health literacy and age. Conclusion: Due to the effective demographic variables, it seems that demographic characteristics-based interventions should be designed and implemented in order to improve the health literacy of citizens.
